Enhancing e-learning effectiveness using an intelligent agent-supported personalized virtual learning environment: An empirical investigation

Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) developed under constructivism and embedded personalization learning functions have the potential to meet different requirements of different learners, and thus increase e-Learning effectiveness. We formulated internal personalized learning mechanisms by implementing intelligent agents in a VLE under a constructivist learning model, and further developed an e-Learning effectiveness framework by integrating educational and IS theories. An empirical field experiment involving 228 university students was conducted. The findings suggested that personalized e-learning facilities enhance online learning effectiveness in terms of examination, satisfaction, and self-efficacy criteria.